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Why manufacturable, low-cost electrodes are essential for widespread ecological monitoring
Environmental monitoring is undergoing a shift where periodic, laboratory-driven activity is becoming a continuous, distributed requirement.
23 April 2026ReportBiocompatibility by Design
The full ISO 10993 programme behind Gii: nine independent GLP studies, the contact classes covered, and what the safety profile means for diagnostic and wearable device development.
Free download →ReportSustainability Report: Understanding the Environmental Impact of Gii
Our 2025 sustainability report: how Gii pure carbon nanomaterial is made, how it compares with gold, platinum and screen-printed carbon, and the measured impact of our process.
Free download →BlogHow advanced carbon nanomaterials can enable on-site environmental sensing
The shift towards real-time, on-site environmental monitoring is becoming an operational necessity.
8 April 2026NewsiGii Research Roundup – January 2026
Take a look at iGii's research roundup of the latest academic innovations across the world, making use of our 3D carbon nanomaterial, Gii.
7 April 2026BlogDisposable immune health test for IL-10 in saliva
A recent study demonstrates how using 3D carbon nanomaterial electrochemical sensors can enable disposable, point-of-care immune health testing directly from saliva.
31 March 2026BlogBiocompatible materials still require repeat testing - and how to reduce it
Understanding why repeat testing occurs helps biosensor developers avoid unexpected delays and make more informed material decisions earlier in the design process.
19 March 2026BlogMaking real-time, in-situ environmental sensors a reality
Bringing environmental sensors out of the lab and into real-world deployment remains a fundamental challenge.
10 March 2026GuideMaking Real-time, In-situ Environmental Sensors a Reality
This guide explores how Gii enables stable, high-sensitivity detection in complex environmental matrices Download now
Free download →ReportGii-Sens Electrode Performance Comparison
An introductory comparison of premium commercially available electrode performance.
Free download →BlogWhy “biocompatible” claims aren’t always enough in diagnostics
Within regulated medical and diagnostic applications, biocompatibility is not a single test result or a material property in isolation
26 February 2026BlogWhy controlled-environment sensing is key to detecting specific pathogens
Pathogen detection is one of the most demanding problems in environmental monitoring because it requires high specificity (identifying the right organism) at low concentrations in complex matrices.
19 February 2026BlogWhat types of sensors are used in environmental monitoring?
Engineers need a wide understanding of environmental sensors to understand which fits where and why to make the right choice for their specific application.
5 February 2026BlogWhat are the challenges facing real-time testing for environmental monitoring?
Despite advances in analytical chemistry, environmental monitoring still relies heavily on laboratory-based measurements and periodic sampling.
22 January 2026BlogThe increasing need for real-time, in-situ detection of pollutants
Let’s take a closer look at why environmental sensors have yet to reach precise and real-time capabilities in-situ, and why this is set to change in the future.
6 January 2026NewsiGii Research Roundup – December 2025
Take a look at iGii's research roundup of the latest academic innovations across the world, making use of our 3D carbon nanomaterial, Gii.
24 December 2025BlogWhy biosensor manufacturers need to think about the Biological Evaluation Report (BER) early
This article outlines what the BER is, why it matters and how early planning strengthens both timelines and outcomes.
23 December 2025NewsElectrochemical Detection of Aβ42 and Aβ40 at Attomolar Scale via Optimised Antibody Loading on Pyr-NHS-Functionalised Gii Electrodes
Electrochemical detection of key biomarkers at the attomolar level for early detection of Alzheimer's Disease.
22 December 2025NewsGii-based interdigitated microband arrays: [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- generator-collector redox processes and prussian blue catalyst attachment
Gii-based intedigitated microband arrays for generator-collector redox for the detection of hydrogen peroxide.
22 December 2025BlogWhat makes a biosensor material truly biocompatible?
As diagnostic technologies move closer to the patient, the materials that enable these sensors must meet a fundamental requirement of being safe for use.
9 December 2025BlogHow carbon nanomaterials are transforming biosensing's sustainability credentials
From point-of-care diagnostics to wearable health monitors and environmental sensing, biosensor developers are being challenged to innovate sustainably.
20 November 2025BlogSustainable alternatives to noble metal electrochemical transducers
With today’s pressure to reduce environmental impact and secure long-term supply chains, traditional transducer materials like gold are facing growing scrutiny.
11 November 2025BlogHow advanced nanomaterials drive higher sensitivity in electrochemical biosensors
Discover how Gii is redefining electrochemical biosensing with scalable, ultra-sensitive carbon nanomaterials.
21 October 2025GuideDrive Higher Sensitivity in Electrochemical Biosensors
This guide explores how advanced nanomaterials drive higher sensitivty in electrochemical biosensors. Download now
Free download →Technical pageBiocompatibility in Every Sense
Biocompatibility testing and contact classes for Gii pure carbon nanomaterial.
BlogThe future of point-of-care - electrochemical biosensors
Point‑of‑care (POC) testing promises to shift care out of central labs and into clinics or at home.
14 October 2025BlogHow to develop digital biosensors with higher sensitivity and faster reactions
This guide explores the core design strategies and signal optimisation techniques driving the next generation of ultra-sensitive, fast-responding digital biosensors.
7 October 2025NewsiGii Research Roundup – September 2025
Take a look at iGii's latest academic research roundup across the world, making use of our 3D carbon nanomaterial, Gii.
2 October 2025BlogUnderstanding sensitivity in biosensors - metrics, surface area and detection principles
When it comes to calculating precise sensitivity in biosensors, engineers need an understanding of how to leverage electrochemical detection methods.
18 September 2025BlogHow carbon nanomaterials enable multi-analyte diagnostics
This guide explores how carbon nanomaterials are breaking through the barriers in the way of commercially available multi-analyte biosensors.
11 September 2025GuideHow Carbon Nanomaterials Enable Multi-Analyte Diagnostics
This guide explores how carbon nanomaterials are breaking through the barriers in the way of commercially available multi-analyte biosensors. Download now
Free download →BlogA guide to reducing noise and increasing sensitivity in biosensors
Even state-of-the-art biosensors can face limitations imposed by noise, both intrinsic and environmental
14 August 2025GuideComparing Biosensor Materials
Biosensors play a crucial role in modern diagnostics and industrial applications, offering precise, real-time detection of biological markers with ever-increasing efficiency. Download now
Free download →BlogThe role of electrode materials in accurate, sensitive point-of-care diagnostic readings
To advance the POC diagnostics field, novel carbon nanomaterials are emerging as transformative alternatives to traditional materials
7 August 2025NewsElectrochemical Immunosensor Using COOH-Functionalized 3D Graphene Electrodes for Sensitive Detection of Tau-441 Protein
Development of an electrochemical immunosensor based on Gii-Sens for sensitive and selective detection of Alzheimer's Disease biomarker.
30 July 2025BlogThe future of point-of-care diagnostics devices
The field of POC diagnostics has the potential to undergo a remarkable transformation, highlighted by breakthroughs in electrochemical biosensing platforms.
28 July 2025NewsSustainable Occupancy Sensing Platform via Triboelectric and Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors
Gii powered Triboelectric Nanogenerators offers a sustainable, robust, low-maintenance solution for smart building environmental control.
21 July 2025GuideHow to Develop Digital Biosensors
This guide reveals development of digital biosensors that deliver reliable performance, explores material hurdles holding many designs back and introduces how new carbon nanomaterials can unlock ultra-sensitive, rapid-response digital diagnostics. Download now
Free download →BlogShould every new biosensor have multi-analyte capabilities?
Are these biosensors the future of diagnostics and should every next generation device have multi-analyte capabilities?
14 July 2025NewsiGii Research Roundup – July 2025
Take a look at iGii's latest academic research roundup across the world, making use of our 3D carbon nanomaterial, Gii.
9 July 2025GuideThe Future of Biosensing
As global healthcare shifts toward precision medicine and decentralised diagnostics, the role of biosensors has evolved from simple analytical devices into intelligent systems capable of real-time, autonomous decision-making. Download now
Free download →NewsiGii commissioned Anthesis to support the screening LCA of Gii-Sens
iGii commissioned Anthesis to conduct a screening LCA on our Gii-Sens Biosensors range to understand the carbon footprint of our manufacturing processes.
3 July 2025BlogThe key challenges of creating digital biosensors
The development of digital biosensors represents an intricate combination of materials science, electrochemistry, microfabrication and data engineering.
26 June 2025BlogWhat is an ELISA test? Can it be digitalised?
Attention is increasingly turning to electrochemical platforms that offer the precision of ELISA with the speed and portability modern workflows require.
19 June 2025BlogA brief history of biosensing
From rudimentary electrochemical setups to advanced multiplexed nanomaterial-based devices, biosensing has come a long way since its influential origins
10 June 2025BlogThe measures of biosensor performance and how to improve accuracy
Engineers need a clear understanding of the significant measures of biosensor performance and the advantages of next-generation carbon-based nanomaterials
29 May 2025BlogThe critical features of an advanced biosensor
Whilst the definition may sound straightforward, the functionality of today’s most advanced biosensors lies in the nuanced engineering of their core components
20 May 2025NewsSmart Glucose Monitoring: Pure 3D Carbon Nanomaterial and Gold Nanoparticle Based Biosensors with Real-Time Monitoring
Smart glucose monitoring. A promising Gii-based alternative for a sensitive, electrochemical, non-enzymatic, real-time monitoring.
8 May 2025BlogCould nanomaterial-based biosensors help discover novel drugs?
Nanomaterial-based biosensors, particularly those built on carbon-based platforms, can change how we navigate drug discovery.
8 May 2025NewsSpotlight On: Support throughout the process: How we take you from assay development to scaled production with Tom O’Reilly
Delve into iGii's team of experts and explore how we support you from assay development to scaled production with Tom O'Reilly
7 May 2025ProductGii Sample Box Overview
What is in a Gii sample box and how to run your first feasibility experiments.
Document to followBlogThe benefits of carbon nanostructures in biosensors and healthcare
We examine the strengths of carbon nanostructures and their impact on biosensor innovation, as well as their weaknesses and how to overcome them.
29 April 2025NewsSpotlight On: Scale your product: How do we supply consistent, high-quality versions of your product? With Alastair Graves
Scale your product: How do we supply consistent, high-quality versions of your product? With Alastair Graves
23 April 2025ReportGii Life Cycle Assessment Summary
Headline findings from the life cycle assessment of Gii production.
BlogThe graphene problem - why biosensor manufacturers are yet to successfully leverage graphene
We go into detail over why commercial biosensor applications using graphene remain limited
22 April 2025BlogWhat are the most common challenges of leveraging carbon nanomaterials at scale?
Engineers need a clear understanding of the key hurdles in commercialising carbon nanomaterials for biosensor manufacturing
14 April 2025NewspH Effects on Graphene Foam Capacitance Induced by Adsorption of 1-pyrenemethylamine
Electrochemical impedance-based capacitance sensing with Gii for future opportunity to employ wireless capacitance readout.
9 April 2025NewsEnhancing antibiotic detection via an aptasensor: the case of ciprofloxacin
An aptamer-based Gii-Sens (aptasensor) was developed for the detection of ciprofloxacin, the active pharmaceutical ingredient of antibiotics.
30 March 2025BlogWhat are the best nanomaterials for biosensors?
In order to choose the best nanomaterial for specific types of biosensors, engineers need to understand the features, benefits and challenges of each.
27 March 2025NewsSpotlight On: Create your Product – How do we create your product and integrate it into your supply chain? With Mike Roberts
How we integrate scalable manufacture for robust supply chains into your Gii based products and equipment.
24 March 2025BlogWhat is a biosensor?
We go into detail surrounding biosensors, unpacking their components, use cases and application examples in different industries.
19 March 2025NewsSpotlight On: Design and Validate your Product – How do you design a product that works in practice? With Matt Edgar
How do you design a product that works in practice? With Matt Edgar, Principal Scientist Advanced Engineering
17 March 2025GuideWhat is Gii?
Introducing Gii, a sustainable and scalable 3D porous carbon nanomaterial, with a compact manufacturing process designed to support secure, distributed production wherever reliable electricity is available. Download now
Free download →NewsiGii Research Roundup
Take a look at iGii's research roundup of the latest academic innovations across the world, making use of our 3D carbon nanomaterial, Gii.
12 March 2025NewsSpotlight On: Develop your assay – What type of Gii do you need? With Michelle Ntola
Q: What is your academic and professional background? I earned a bachelor’s degree in biomedical engineering from Imperial College London and a PhD in Chemistry and Biological Sciences from Durham University. During my PhD, I developed an interest in carbon nanotechnology, which shifted my research focus. I deepened my expertise in this field as a […]
10 March 2025BlogNanomaterial-Based Biosensors and the Future of Medicine
We take a look at the future of medicine with emerging nano-biosensors that bring unprecedented sensitivity and scalable fabrication.
6 March 2025BlogWhat is an Electrochemical Biosensor?
We explore electrochemical biosensors, their unique features and why they have struggled to achieved widespread use
6 March 2025Application noteMulti-analyte Sensing Application Note
Designing multiplexed immunoassays on Gii electrode arrays, including surface chemistry and cross-talk control.
Document to followGuideNanomaterial-based Biosensors and the Future of Medicine
Nanomaterial-based Biosensors and the Future of Medicine
Free download →Blog4 Novel Transducers for Biosensors Compared
Explore four novel transducers revolutionising biosensors, leveraging cutting-edge materials like Gii for enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and real-time applications in healthcare and environmental monitoring.
5 February 2025NewsSustainable carbon nanomaterial Gii set to transform energy storage in Internet of Things devices
Researchers develop a new electrode material using sustainable carbon nanomaterial Gii, enabling smaller, more efficient energy storage for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The material operates at 2V – nearly double the typical voltage of an electrode, reducing the size and material use. As the material is based on water, it offers a sustainable alternative […]
14 January 2025NewsPhotoelectrochemical Performance of Brookite Titanium Dioxide Electrodeposited on Graphene Foam for Portable Biosensors
Electrosynthesis of a photoactive TiO2 phase on Gii without thermal annealing achieves 2.1x the value for carbon-based printing electrodes.
23 December 2024NewsOne-Step Electrodeposition of Iron Oxyhydroxide onto 3D Porous Graphene (Gii) Substrates for On Chip Asymmetric Micro-Supercapacitors
Highlights Electrodeposition of iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) onto carbon substrates based on acetate precursors was demonstrated. This Gii electrode outperformed the more established iron chloride deposition. Cycling stability of the fuel cell is reasonable at 70% retention at 5000 cycles. Abstract Electrochemical capacitors based on redox active materials can achieve greater capacitance values than traditional electric […]
13 November 2024NewsPotential broadband photodetector concept based on three-dimensional Gii
Highlights Gii has high detectivity, low-cost and mass-producibility properties that could improve broadband photodetectors. Gii outperforms existing materials in terms of detection performance, while also being a low-cost, sustainable, supply-secure and commercially scalable material. Gii-powered broadband photodetectors could eliminate the cost of and space for using multiple sensing materials and ultimately offer faster fibre optic […]
12 November 2024NewsBreakthrough in broadband photodetectors: nanomaterial Gii could bring faster broadband and higher quality medical imaging
Scientists at the University of the West of Scotland and University of Glasgow find carbon nanomaterial Gii has high detectivity, low-cost and mass-producibility properties that could improve broadband photodetectors. Broadband photodetectors are used in fibre optic networks and medical imaging devices. Latest study finds Gii outperforms existing materials in terms of detection performance, while also […]
12 November 2024NewsImplementation of a simple functionalisation of graphene (Gii-Sens) in the determination of a suitable linker for use in biocatalytic devices
Highlights Gii-Sens has shown to be ideal electrodes for glucose biosensors. Glucose sensitivity of 22.7 μA/mM/cm^2 shows promise for metal-free sensors. The observable biocatalytic response from the electrodes, prepared through simple drop-casting methods onto commercially available 3D graphene foams, represents a promising first step to the development of metal-free biocatalytic devices based on this setup […]
8 November 2024NewsiGii and Prymexa agree multi-million deal to diagnose early signs of menopause with at-home toolkit
iGii partners with Prymexa on a multi-million-pound deal to develop a toolkit that monitors when a woman enters the perimenopause phase – the period between the start of menopause symptoms and an individual’s final period. Millions of women under 40 (60%) do not feel informed about menopause, yet this stage brings a range of symptoms, […]
6 November 2024NewsPyrene-Appended Boronic Acids on Graphene Foam Electrodes Provide Quantum Capacitance-Based Molecular Sensors for Lactate
Gii provides a great platform for sensing mechanism based on capacitance changes and could open opportunities in wireless sensing and more.
15 August 2024NewsUltrasensitive electrochemical sensor for detection of salivary cortisol in stress conditions
Gii-Sens provided a great electrochemical platform in the detection of Interleukin-10 achieving exceptional sensitivity limit of 0.24 fg mL−1.
1 August 2024NewsNew highly sensitive saliva-based cortisol sensor developed – eliminating the need for invasive blood tests
Pioneering saliva-based point-of-care electrochemical biosensor developed for real-time cortisol tracking – avoiding the need for invasive blood tests. Underpinned by a Gii-Sens electrode, comparative studies reveal the biosensor has 100 times greater sensitivity compared to traditional saliva tests, ensuring reliable cortisol level measurements. Applications include identifying early onset of stress related metabolic and neurological disorders, […]
31 July 2024NewsiGii secures £8.8m investment to accelerate growth and scale manufacturing capability
iGii announces £8.8m in new funding to scale its manufacturing, accelerate customer projects, and deepen R&D around further applications of its high-performance nanomaterial, Gii
18 June 2024NewsUniversity of Bath scientists develop new battery-free lactic acid sensor using Gii-Sens
Scientists at the University of Bath, UK, introduce breakthrough carbon-based sensor for detecting lactic acid levels in saliva – avoiding the need for an electrical power source. Underpinned by a Gii-Sens electrode platform, the Gii chemosensor could have potential for highly sensitive lactic acid testing in remote locations without needing a lab. Applications could include […]
22 May 2024Scientific publicationElectrochemical Detection of a Key Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker with Gii Electrodes
Peer-reviewed detection of an Alzheimer's disease biomarker using Gii pure carbon nanomaterial electrodes.
NewsiGii appoints Dr Jo Holmes to supercharge Gii-Sens growth
Dr. Jo Holmes has been appointed to spearhead sales of Gii-Sens, its world leading electrochemical electrode. With a distinguished background in electrochemistry spanning both business and academia, Dr. Holmes brings a wealth of expertise to the team. In this newly created role, she will collaborate with new and existing customers to integrate Gii-Sens into their […]
16 May 2024NewsiGii prepares for global manufacturing and increased international sales with appointment of new Chief Operating Officer
Andrew Lacey has been appointed to a newly-created position of Chief Operating Officer. Andrew will be responsible for developing Integrated Graphene’s global manufacturing capabilities, enabling commercial quantity international selling of GiiTM into North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia-Pacific regions. GiiTM is a unique carbon-based 3D structure created by Integrated Graphene through a patented […]
15 April 2024Scientific publicationElectrochemical Immunosensor Using COOH-functionalised 3D Graphene Electrodes for Tau-441
Sensitive detection of Tau-441 protein on carboxyl-functionalised Gii electrodes.
NewsiGii promotes James Youell to spearhead sales of groundbreaking point-of-care diagnostic technology, Gii-Sens
Integrated Graphene, the electrochemistry specialists behind Gii, a three-dimensional nanomaterial.
31 January 2024NewsiGii Strengthens Commercial Capabilities with Board Appointment
A pioneering Scottish company behind the development of a sustainable, high performance nanomaterial has strengthened.
14 December 2023Scientific publicationDevelopment of Flexible, High-sensitivity Graphene Foam Pressure Sensors
Graphene foam as the active layer in flexible, high-sensitivity pressure sensing.
NewsiGii Appoints New CEO: Jean-Christophe Granier takes the reins as the company goes for global growth
Integrated Graphene, the company behind Gii, a three-dimensional, carbon-based nanomaterial, has appointed Jean-Christophe Granier as its Chief Executive Officer.
16 October 2023Guide4 Novel Transducers for Biosensors Compared
A comparison of transducer options for biosensor developers, and where our pure carbon nanomaterial fits.
NewsElectrodeposition of manganese dioxide coatings onto graphene foam substrates for electrochemical capacitors
Gii with electrodeposited birnessite MnO2 demonstrated better rate capacity, cycling retention and increased baseline capacity.
1 August 2023NewsThree-dimensional graphene foam, Gii, based triboelectric nanogenerators
Gii presents unique mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion features for triboelectric-nanogenerator applications. (Gii TENG)
1 July 2023NewsGraphene sensors may help to detect Sepsis earlier in critically ill patients
A new study from the University of Bath has shown that graphene-based biosensors, designed by Integrated Graphene, have the potential to play a major role in detecting increased levels of lactate, an important biomarker for the treatment of critically ill patients. The research, published in Sensor and Actuators: B.Chemical1, shows that Integrated Graphene’s Gii-Sens™ electrochemical […]
6 June 2023NewsGraphene-based breakthrough in hydrogen peroxide production
New research led by the University of Bath has shown that surface-modified graphene could transform the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for industrial use as a bleaching agent or disinfectant. The new graphene-based process produces higher yields with the potential to be more cost-effective and environmentally friendly than current methods. Hydrogen peroxide is a critical […]
2 June 2023NewsPolymer indicator displacement assay (PIDA) with boronic acid receptors on Gii-Sens for self-optimised impedimetric lactic acid determination
Gii-Sens can help to move benchtop devices to point of care as required in the application of such assays given it’s low cost and reliable
15 February 2023NewsNon-covalent π–π functionalised Gii-Sens Carbon based electrode for interleukin-10 (IL-10) impedimetric detection
Biosensors in clinical applications can shorten response time of primary health services; Gii-Sens demonstrates potential with IL-10 in facilitating the adoption.
15 February 2023NewsPolymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) enhances hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production at Gii-Sens electrodes
This paper demonstrates that the formation of H2O2 on Gii can be enhanced by microporous polymer deposits on the Gii electrode surface.
30 October 2022NewsUltra-Thin Graphene Foam (Gii) Based Flexible Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors for Robotics
Advanced materials like Gii are promising materials due to electric and mechanical properties and compatibility with flexible substrates.
9 June 2022NewsDevelopment of flexible and high sensitivity graphene foam based pressure sensors
Part 2 of the “Ultra-Thin Graphene Foam Based Flexible Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors for Robotics publication.
30 April 2022NewsPolymer Indicator Displacement Assay: Electrochemical Glucose Monitoring Based on Boronic Acid Receptors and Graphene Foam, Gii, Competitively Binding with Poly-Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid
An alternative, low-cost yet effective electrochemical glucose chemo-sensing technique based on boronic acid functionalisation upon Gii-Sens
20 January 2022Data sheetGii Platform Datasheet
In a world where most sensing platforms are built to detect just one marker at a time, iGii's platform changes what's possible.
Free download →Data sheetGii FlexHeat Microheaters Datasheet
The Gii_FlexHeat_V2 micro heater is a precision thermal component for compact systems needing localised heat control, on a flexible polyimide substrate.
Free download →Data sheetGii Printed Batteries: Energy & Catalysis
MnO₂-decorated Gii electrode as cathode in a primary Zn-Mn battery, with discharge profiles from fully pouched cells.
Free download →Data sheetGii-Sens Datasheet
Gii-Sens brings the power of Gii into a ready-to-use electrode that enables faster, more accurate assay and sensor development. Includes electrode materials, geometry, handling and storage.
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